Terabeka Khal, Sharankhola Range: A Quiet Tidal Artery in the Eastern Sundarbans

Introduction

Not every waterway in the Sundarbans has a watchtower, a jetty, or a name recognised by international tour operators. Most of the delta’s estimated 400-plus named creeks, khals, and rivers do their work in obscurity — draining the forest floor at ebb tide, flooding it at flood tide, and quietly shaping the mangrove ecosystem without ever appearing in a glossy brochure. Terabeka Khal, in the Sharankhola Range of the Sundarbans East Wildlife Division, is one of these working waterways.

This is not a piece about a famous tourist attraction. If you search for “Terabeka” in travel guides, you will find almost nothing — no watchtower listings, no canopy walk, no boat-package itinerary built around it. What you will find, if you dig into forest department records, wire service reports, and local news archives, is a small but persistent thread of activity: a forest patrol outpost, a re-excavated freshwater pond, a stretch of canal that has occasionally been the site of tiger–deer chases and, unfortunately, poaching, and a place name that keeps recurring in the operational vocabulary of the Sharankhola Range’s forest staff.

That is precisely why it belongs in this series. Travelers Link BD’s Sundarbans content has always tried to represent the delta as it actually is — a mosaic of famous set-piece destinations (Karamjal, Kotka, Kochikhali) and hundreds of smaller channels that structure daily life for forest workers, honey collectors, fishers, and the wildlife itself. Terabeka Khal sits in that second category. This post is written with full transparency about what is documented and what is not: where the record is thin, we say so rather than inventing details to fill the gap. What follows is an honest attempt to place Terabeka Khal on the map — geographically, ecologically, and administratively — and to explain what a visitor curious about the Sharankhola Range’s lesser-known corners can realistically expect to find there.

Location and Geography

Terabeka Khal lies within the Sharankhola Range, one of the four ranges (alongside Chandpai, Khulna, and Burigoalini) that together make up the Sundarbans Reserved Forest’s East and West Wildlife Divisions in Bangladesh. Administratively, Sharankhola Range falls under the Sundarbans East Forest Division, headquartered in Bagerhat District, and the range itself is named for Sharankhola Upazila, the mainland subdistrict that borders this section of the forest to the north.

The Sharankhola Range occupies a strategic wedge of the eastern Sundarbans, bounded broadly by the Bhola River system to the west and shading into the core tiger habitat that runs down toward Kochikhali and the Bay of Bengal coastline to the south. Within this range, Terabeka functions as one of a constellation of named canals and outposts — Dhansagar, Dasherbharani, Kachikhali Sanctuary, Supati, Kokilmuni, Chandeshwar, Charkhali, Dumuria, Shapla, Shelarchar, and Bagi (Bogi) among them — that the forest department uses to divide the range into patrollable and manageable sectors. ¹ Terabeka Forest Patrol Outpost is one of the frontline camps positioned along this network, tasked with monitoring the surrounding waterways for illegal fishing and poaching and — as in a 2025 rescue documented by the Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha (BSS) news agency — responding to human–wildlife encounters at the water’s edge.²

Like nearly every named waterway in the Sundarbans, Terabeka Khal is tidal rather than freshwater-fed in the conventional sense. It is one strand within the delta’s larger circulatory system, in which the tides of the Bay of Bengal push brackish water up through the Baleswar–Bhola river network twice daily, filling the smaller khals and creeks that branch off from them. At low tide, the channel likely exposes its characteristic muddy banks and root systems; at high tide, it becomes navigable by the small country boats that forest staff and, occasionally, permitted tourists use to move through the range’s interior.

We should be candid about the limits of publicly available geographic data here: unlike the marquee destinations of the Sundarbans, Terabeka Khal does not appear to have a widely published GPS coordinate, an official width or length measurement, or a formal boundary description in the tourism literature. What we know about its location is drawn primarily from its administrative role — as the site of a forest patrol outpost and a re-excavated pond within the Sharankhola Range — rather than from a dedicated hydrological survey. Visitors and researchers seeking exact coordinates should consult the Bangladesh Forest Department’s Sundarbans East Division office directly, as range officers maintain detailed patrol maps that are not typically published online.

History and Name Origin

The Sundarbans as a whole carries a name whose origin is still debated among scholars: some trace “Sundarbans” to the Sundari tree (Heritiera fomes), once the dominant timber species of the delta, while others read it as a simple Bengali compound, sundar ban, meaning “beautiful forest”. Individual Khal names within the delta rarely receive the same scholarly attention — most were assigned informally over generations by the mawalis (honey collectors), boatmen, and fishing communities who worked these waters, often based on a physical feature, a person’s name, an incident, or a corruption of an older term passed down through oral tradition.

We have not located a documented, verifiable etymology for “Terabeka” specifically, and in the interest of accuracy, we will not speculate on one. What can be said with more confidence is that the name has been in consistent administrative use for at least two decades. Terabeka appears in Forest Department fire-incident records dating back to 2006, when it was one of five sites — alongside Amurbunia, Khurabaria, Pachakoralia, and Dhansagar — struck by forest fires that year, according to a Forest Department chronology reported by The Daily New Nation and corroborated in a separate account by the outlet Provaterdak BD News.⁴ ⁵ This tells us that Terabeka was already a recognised, named subdivision of the Sharankhola Range’s patrol geography by the mid-2000s and quite plausibly considerably earlier, since forest fire records of this kind typically use pre-existing place names rather than inventing new ones.

It is worth noting, for readers doing their own research, that Sundarbans place names are transliterated inconsistently across sources — “Terabeka”, “Terobenki” (as it appears in one Wikipedia list of Sundarbans rivers), and similar variants may or may not refer to the same feature.⁶ Bengali-to-English transliteration in forest records, news wire reports, and academic gazetteers is notoriously unstandardised, and without a controlled comparison of underlying Bengali source documents, we cannot confirm whether these are the same waterway under different spellings or genuinely distinct channels that happen to sound alike. We flag this honestly rather than merging the sources into a single narrative that might not be accurate.

What the historical record does establish clearly is a pattern: Terabeka has functioned for decades as a working part of the forest’s protection and resource-management infrastructure, appearing in fire reports, pond-excavation project documents, and wildlife rescue logs rather than in the promotional literature of the tourism industry. That is a different kind of history than a monument or a mythological site would have, but it is a real one — the history of a forest going about its daily business.

Natural Features

Terabeka Khal exhibits the physical characteristics typical of a secondary tidal channel in the eastern Sundarbans. While a dedicated hydrological survey of this specific khal has not been published, its behaviour can be reasonably inferred from its role in the broader Sharankhola Range drainage system and from general Sundarbans channel morphology, which has been extensively studied.

Tidal regime. The Sundarbans experiences a semi-diurnal tidal cycle, meaning two high tides and two low tides occur roughly every 24 hours. Tidal amplitude in this part of the delta can range from a few feet during neap tides to considerably more during spring tides, and this range determines how much of the channel bed and bank is exposed at any given time. At low tide, canals like Terabeka typically expose broad mudflats laced with pneumatophores — the specialised breathing roots that mangrove species push up through the anoxic mud to access atmospheric oxygen. At high tide, the same channel can rise several feet, submerging the lower vegetation zone and making boat travel through narrower stretches possible.

Salinity gradient. The eastern Sundarbans, where the Sharankhola Range sits, occupies a moderately saline zone within the delta’s broader freshwater-to-saline gradient. Unlike the far western Sundarbans near the Indian border, which receives more freshwater influence from the Ganges distributaries, or the central Sundarbans around Chandpai, the eastern zone is influenced more directly by tidal water from the Bay of Bengal via the Baleswar and Bhola river systems. This places Terabeka Khal in a moderately to highly saline environment for much of the year, with some seasonal freshening during the monsoon months when rainfall temporarily dilutes surface salinity.

Sediment and bank structure. The Sundarbans khals are characteristically lined with soft, cohesive silt-clay sediment deposited by millennia of Himalayan river discharge. Banks are typically low and gently sloping rather than steep-cut, colonised densely by mangrove root systems that stabilise the substrate. Channel beds shift gradually over time as sediment is deposited and eroded by tidal flow, a process that – over years – can alter a khal’s exact course, width, and navigability. This is one reason why small, unmapped canals like Terabeka may not have static, permanently documented boundaries: the delta is, quite literally, still forming.

Fire vulnerability. An underappreciated “natural feature” of the dry-season Sundarbans is its flammability. Despite being a wetland forest, the Sundarbans experiences recurring dry-season fires, particularly from January through April when leaf litter accumulates, and water levels in interior channels and ponds drop. Terabeka’s inclusion among the sites affected by the 2006 fire cluster is a reminder that even a tidally flooded mangrove system has a dry-season vulnerability, driven by a combination of leaf litter buildup, reduced water availability in interior ponds, and — according to Forest Department post-incident assessments — accidental ignition sources such as smouldering cooking fires used by mawalis and fishers or discarded cigarettes. ⁴ ⁵ This is part of why the freshwater pond re-excavation programme described below matters operationally: ponds near patrol outposts like Terabeka serve as accessible water sources for firefighting as well as wildlife drinking water.

Freshwater pond. Terabeka is documented as the site of one of the ponds re-excavated under a Forest Department biodiversity protection project, funded through Bangladesh’s Meteorological Trust Fund at a reported cost of approximately Tk 4.96 crore across the wider Sharankhola and Chapai ranges. ¹ These ponds — dug and periodically re-excavated inside an otherwise saline forest — are critical low-salinity refuges for wildlife, particularly during the dry season when surface water elsewhere becomes too brackish for many species to drink safely. The presence of a re-excavated pond at Terabeka indicates that this location was identified by forest managers as ecologically significant enough to warrant continued freshwater investment, likely because of its role in supporting wildlife (including deer and, indirectly, the tigers that prey on them) in this sector of the range.

Channel width and navigability. Although no official cross-section survey of Terabeka Khal has been published, the documented 2010 incident of a spotted deer swimming across it, rather than wading or leaping across, is itself a useful clue: it tells us the channel is wide enough at that point, or was at that state of the tide, to require genuine swimming rather than a simple crossing on foot.⁷ Secondary khals of this kind in the eastern Sundarbans typically range from perhaps ten to forty metres in width at their widest points, narrowing considerably in their upper, interior reaches, though without a direct measurement, this should be read as an informed regional estimate rather than a confirmed figure for Terabeka specifically.

Siltation and channel change over time. Like all Sundarbans khals, Terabeka is subject to the same slow, continuous process of siltation and erosion that reshapes the entire delta. Tidal creeks in this system can silt up in their upper reaches over years or decades, sometimes to the point of becoming impassable to boats even at high tide, while erosion along outer bends can widen a channel’s mouth. Forest Department range officers monitor this kind of gradual change as part of their routine patrol duties, since a khal’s navigability directly affects how effectively rangers can access a given sector for anti-poaching and fire-response work — one more reason a working canal like Terabeka is tracked operationally even without a formal hydrological publication.

Air and water quality. Sundarbans tidal water carries a naturally high sediment load, giving most channels, Terabeka included, a characteristic brownish-grey colour rather than clear water — a function of the enormous volume of Himalayan silt the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna system delivers to the delta each year. This turbidity is entirely natural and is part of what makes the ecosystem so nutrient-rich, supporting the base of a food web that ultimately sustains everything from mudskippers to the Bengal tiger.

Flora Around the Canal

The vegetation bordering Terabeka Khal follows the zonation patterns characteristic of the eastern, moderately saline Sundarbans. Sundarbans mangrove ecology is famously organised along a salinity gradient, with different tree associations dominating different zones of the delta; the eastern zone, where the Sharankhola Range sits, typically supports a mixed community rather than the extreme salinity specialists found closer to the coast or the freshwater-tolerant species found in the far northeast.

Sundari (Heritiera fomes). The tree that gives the Sundarbans its name remains present through much of the eastern range, though decades of top-dying disease — a dieback condition linked to salinity stress and other environmental factors — have reduced its historical dominance. Where healthy, Sundari is recognisable by its buttressed roots and leathery, silver-backed leaves.

Gewa (Excoecaria agallocha). One of the most common associate species in this zone, Gewa is a moderate-sized tree whose milky, irritant sap has earned it the nickname “blinding tree” among some local communities – contact with the eyes can cause temporary but painful irritation. Gewa wood has historically been an important source of pulp for Bangladesh’s paper industry.

Goran (Ceriops decandra). A smaller, shrubbier mangrove that often forms dense stands in slightly elevated or less frequently inundated ground near canal banks. Goran is notable for its striking pencil-like pneumatophores and knee roots.

Keora (Sonneratia apetala). Typically found on newly accreted mudflats and the outer, more exposed banks of channels, Keora is a fast-colonising pioneer species with distinctive cone-shaped pneumatophores that can rise a foot or more above the mud. Its sour green fruit is used locally in cooking and is also a favoured food source for spotted deer.

Golpata (Nypa fruticans). The mangrove palm, whose fronds are harvested commercially for thatching roofing material across coastal Bangladesh, tends to colonise the immediate banks of tidal channels like Terabeka, where its root mat helps stabilise the soft, silty edge. Golpata collection remains one of the permitted forms of forest resource extraction under Bangladesh Forest Department licensing (known locally as a bawali pass).

Understory and ground layer. Beneath the canopy, the ground layer along channels like Terabeka typically includes salt-tolerant grasses, sedges, and the low, spreading Hantal palm (Phoenix paludosa) in less frequently flooded pockets. The forest floor itself is often dominated visually not by leafy vegetation but by the dense fields of pneumatophores — Sundari’s knee-like roots, Goran’s slender spikes, and Keora’s blunt cones — that collectively allow this entire plant community to breathe in waterlogged, oxygen-poor mud.

Kankra (Bruguiera gymnorhiza) and Baen (Avicennia officinalis / A. marina). Both are widespread associates in the moderately saline eastern Sundarbans forest, recognisable by their distinctive stilt and pencil-root systems, respectively. Baen in particular tends to colonise the outer, most tidally exposed fringes of a channel like Terabeka, often forming the first line of vegetation a boat passenger sees on entering from a wider river into a narrower KHAL mouth.

Hantal (Phoenix paludosa). This low, clustering wild date palm typically occupies the slightly higher, less frequently inundated ground set back from the immediate bank, forming dense, spiny thickets that are avoided by both wildlife and boat parties for practical reasons but which contribute meaningfully to the layered, multi-tiered structure of the forest edge.

Seasonal and successional change. Mangrove zonation along a channel like Terabeka is not static. Pioneer species such as Keora colonise freshly accreted mud on the outer, higher-energy banks, gradually giving way over years to more shade-tolerant, longer-lived species like Sundari and Kankra as the substrate stabilises and elevation increases through continued sediment trapping. A single kilometre of canal bank can therefore show several distinct successional stages side by side, from bare, newly exposed mud studded with young Keora saplings to mature, closed-canopy Sundari-Gewa forest just a short distance further along.

It is worth being clear that this flora description reflects the general ecological zone in which Terabeka Khal sits, based on established Sundarbans vegetation science, rather than a species inventory conducted specifically along this canal. No botanical survey specific to Terabeka Khal has been published to our knowledge; the composition described here is a well-evidenced regional pattern rather than a site-specific count.

Wildlife You May Encounter

The wildlife most reliably associated with Terabeka Khal in the documented record is, unsurprisingly, the same suite of species found throughout the Sharankhola Range’s tidal channel network, with two notable, specifically documented incidents that anchor this section in verified fact rather than generic description.

Royal Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris). Sharankhola Range lies within core tiger habitat in the eastern Sundarbans, and Terabeka’s own incident record bears this out directly. In a case reported by The Daily Star, a spotted deer being chased by a tiger swam across the Terabeka canal in an attempt to escape, before being killed by poachers after it entered Chalitabunia village.⁷ This single documented event tells us two things with certainty: first, that the Terabeka canal is wide and navigable enough to be a meaningful obstacle a fleeing deer would need to swim across rather than simply wade through; and second, that this stretch of forest sees genuine tiger hunting activity, since the deer’s flight was directly triggered by tiger predation pressure. Sightings of the tiger itself from a tourist boat remain rare throughout the Sundarbans — most operators quote a sub-1% chance of a direct sighting on any given trip — and Terabeka should be assumed to follow that same general pattern rather than being an unusually reliable viewing spot.

Spotted deer / Chital (Axis axis). As the tiger’s primary prey species, spotted deer are common throughout the Sharankhola Range’s channel-side forest, grazing on Keora fruit, mangrove leaves, and grasses along the banks. The 2010 Terabeka incident described above is itself deer-related, and more broadly, deer are known to periodically cross into fringe villages near Sharankhola when pursued by tigers or driven by insect harassment during the hot and rainy seasons, according to a divisional forest officer quoted in the same Daily Star report. ⁷

Saltwater/Estuarine crocodile (Crocodylus porosus). Terabeka has a directly documented crocodile presence: in October 2025, a two-foot-long baby crocodile, accidentally caught in a fisherman’s net in nearby Boghi village, was released into the river near the Terabeka Forest Patrol Outpost by members of the Volunteer Tiger Response Team (VTRT), a community-based wildlife conservation group, working with the Sharankhola Forest Station.² This rescue-and-release event confirms both that crocodiles inhabit this stretch of water and that a functioning local conservation response network — VTRT teams working alongside forest department rangers — is active in the immediate vicinity.

Wild boar (Sus scrofa). Common throughout the Sundarbans forest floor habitat, wild boar are frequently sighted foraging near creek banks, particularly around low tide when mudflats are exposed.

Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). Present throughout the eastern Sundarbans in troops that move along the canopy bordering tidal channels, macaques are often the first alarm callers to alert other wildlife (and attentive boat passengers) to a tiger’s presence nearby.

Water monitor lizard (Varanus salvator). A common sight basking on exposed mudbanks or swimming across channels, particularly in the warmer months.

Fishing cat and jungle cat. Both small wild cat species inhabit the broader Sundarbans mangrove zone, though they are shy, largely nocturnal, and rarely seen by visitors; their presence in the Terabeka area would be consistent with regional distribution patterns rather than site-specific confirmed sightings.

Otters. Smooth-coated otters are present across the Sundarbans’ tidal channel network, and in some parts of the delta are still used by fishing communities as trained aids for herding fish into nets, a traditional practice most associated with the Chandpai and Khulna Range areas but reflective of the broader human-otter relationship along the Sundarbans khals generally. Whether this practice occurs specifically along Terabeka is undocumented, but an otter’s presence itself in this habitat type would be unsurprising.

Mudskippers and fiddler crabs. At the base of the visible food web along any exposed mudbank at low tide, mudskippers (amphibious fish capable of moving across mud using their pectoral fins) and fiddler crabs are present in large numbers throughout the eastern Sundarbans. Though easy to overlook next to the prospect of a tiger or crocodile sighting, these small species are ecologically foundational, cycling nutrients through the mud and serving as a prey base for wading birds, kingfishers, and juvenile crocodiles.

Snakes. The Sundarbans hosts a notable diversity of snake species, including the king cobra, Russell’s viper, banded krait, and several water snake species that hunt along tidal creek margins. Encounters along a channel like Terabeka would be consistent with general habitat expectations rather than site-specific records, and as with all Sundarbans wildlife, visitors should never leave the boat or approach vegetation without a guide present.

We want to be direct about the asymmetry in this section: the tiger-and-deer incident and the crocodile rescue are specifically and verifiably tied to Terabeka. The remaining species listed are present because they are common and well-documented throughout the Sharankhola Range and the eastern Sundarbans generally, and it would be reasonable to expect them in this habitat type, but we have not found incident reports placing wild boar, macaques, or monitor lizards specifically at Terabeka Khal by name. Readers should understand this distinction between confirmed-at-this-site and expected-based-on-habitat.

Birdwatching Opportunities

The Sundarbans as a whole is one of the richest birdwatching destinations in South Asia, with well over 300 recorded species across the delta, including resident mangrove specialists and large populations of winter migrants that arrive between November and March. While no dedicated bird survey of Terabeka Khal specifically has been published, the canal’s habitat profile — a tidal mangrove channel bordered by Sundari, Gewa, Goran, and Golpata within the core Sharankhola Range forest — is exactly the kind of habitat that supports the delta’s characteristic bird community.

Raptors. The Brahminy Kite (Haliastur indus), with its rust-and-white plumage, is one of the most visible birds of prey across all Sundarbans waterways, frequently seen soaring over channels or perched on exposed branches scanning for fish and crabs. White-bellied Sea Eagles (Haliaeetus leucogaster) also patrol wider stretches of water throughout the delta, and Ospreys are regular winter visitors.

Kingfishers. The Sundarbans hosts several kingfisher species, and channel-side habitat like Terabeka’s is prime territory for them. The Brown-winged Kingfisher (Pelargopsis amauroptera), a Sundarbans specialist that depends heavily on mangrove creek habitat, along with the more widespread Collared Kingfisher, Common Kingfisher, Stork-billed Kingfisher, and Black-capped Kingfisher, would all be expected along a channel of this type.

Waders and waterbirds. Exposed mudflats at low tide attract egrets (little egret, great egret, and intermediate egret), herons (grey heron, purple heron, and Indian pond heron), and various sandpiper and plover species, particularly during the winter migratory season.

Storks. The Lesser Adjutant stork, a globally near-threatened species with a significant Sundarbans population, is occasionally observed along interior channels foraging in shallow water and mudflats.

Passerines and forest species. Away from the water’s edge, the mangrove canopy and understory support species such as the mangrove pitta — a strikingly coloured, sought-after species among serious birders — along with sunbirds, drongos, and various warblers, particularly during winter passage.

For visitors specifically interested in birdwatching, the general best practice across the Sundarbans applies equally to Terabeka: early morning (just after sunrise) and late afternoon offer the highest activity levels, as birds feed actively during cooler hours and rest through the heat of midday. A slow-moving country boat, rather than a larger, noisier launch, dramatically improves the odds of close, undisturbed sightings along narrower channels — a relevant consideration for anyone hoping to combine a Terabeka-area excursion with serious birding, since access to this particular canal, discussed further below, is not a standard package-tour offering.

Scenic Beauty

Absent a professional photographic survey or a published visitor account specifically describing Terabeka Khal’s aesthetic character, we will describe its scenic qualities in terms of what is reliably characteristic of Sharankhola Range’s secondary tidal channels generally, while being clear that this is an inference from known regional geography rather than a first-hand account of this specific canal.

Secondary khals of Terabeka’s type typically offer a more intimate, enclosed visual experience than the broad rivers used by larger tourist launches. Where a river like the Bhola or the Baleswar can stretch wide enough that the far bank recedes into haze, a canal of Terabeka’s scale – narrower, more tightly bordered by overhanging Gewa and Golpata canopy – creates the sensation of moving through a green corridor rather than across open water. This is generally considered, among Sundarbans guides and repeat visitors, to be the more atmospheric and wildlife-productive kind of waterway, precisely because the enclosed sightlines and quieter water discourage the noise and wake disturbance that larger vessels create.

At low tide, the exposed mudbanks along channels like this reveal a dense, almost sculptural field of pneumatophores rising from the silt – a visual signature of the Sundarbans mangrove forest that photographers consistently single out as distinctive to this ecosystem. At high tide, the same stretch transforms, with water reaching up into the lower vegetation and the boundary between “land” and “water” becoming genuinely ambiguous — a quality unique to a tidal, amphibious forest system and one of the most commonly cited reasons visitors find the Sundarbans visually unlike any other forest they have experienced.

The presence of the re-excavated freshwater pond near the Terabeka outpost adds a further point of visual and ecological interest: freshwater ponds within the saline forest often become focal gathering points for wildlife, particularly in the dry season, and are frequently framed by forest managers and guides as good vantage points for animal activity precisely because thirsty wildlife has fewer alternative water sources nearby.

Tourism Experience

This is the section where we need to be most careful about setting accurate expectations, because Terabeka Khal, unlike Karamjal, Kotka, Kochikhali, or Harbaria, does not currently have established infrastructure on the standard Sundarbans tourist circuit.

What Terabeka is, administratively. It is a Forest Department patrol post and adjoining tidal canal within the Sharankhola Range — part of the working protective and ecological infrastructure of the forest rather than a designated visitor attraction with a watchtower, interpretation centre, or dedicated jetty. Standard multi-day live-aboard tours out of Khulna or Mongla – the dominant model for foreign and domestic tourism into the Bangladesh Sundarbans – are built around a well-established rotation of sites: Karamjal (near the entrance, easiest access), Kotka and Kochikhali (deeper into the core zone, best tiger and wildlife territory), Harbaria, Dublar Char (notable for the annual Rash Mela festival), and a handful of named khals chosen by individual boat operators for their scenic canal cruises. Terabeka does not currently appear as a standard stop in the tour packages we reviewed while researching this piece.

What a visit would realistically require. Accessing Terabeka Khal specifically would most likely mean working with a tour operator or boatman who has direct familiarity with the Sharankhola Range’s interior waterways and can arrange forest permission for a custom itinerary, rather than booking a fixed-departure package tour. Since Sharankhola Range sits somewhat off the primary Mongla-to-Kotka travel corridor most operators use, a Terabeka-focused excursion would likely be organised as a specialised add-on or a bespoke charter, coordinated with the Sharankhola Forest Station directly regarding permits and any restricted-zone considerations, given the outpost’s active patrol function.

Why this matters for how you plan. If your interest in Terabeka Khal is scenic canal cruising, birdwatching, or general immersion in a less-visited stretch of Sharankhola Range forest, treat it as a candidate for a customised, guide-arranged itinerary rather than something bookable off a standard tour operator’s website. Travelers Link BD, given its Khulna base and focus on Sundarbans ecotourism, is well positioned to help arrange this kind of Sharankhola Range-specific itinerary in coordination with local forest station permissions — which is, in practice, how most visits to lesser-known khals throughout the delta actually happen: through relationships between operators and range-level forest officers rather than through pre-packaged tourism products.

Realistic expectations for what you’d see. Based on the documented ecology and incident history covered above, a Terabeka Khal excursion would offer: mangrove canal scenery and canopy characteristic of eastern Sundarbans zonation; a reasonable chance of birdlife including kingfishers, raptors, and waders; a possibility (not a guarantee) of deer, wild boar, or crocodile sightings; and essentially the same very low probability of a direct tiger sighting that applies across the entire Sundarbans tourist experience. What it would not currently offer is built tourist infrastructure — no watchtower, no canopy walk, no interpretation signage — which for some travellers is precisely the appeal of a lesser-known site, and for others is a meaningful practical limitation worth knowing in advance.

Who does this kind of excursion suit? A Terabeka-focused itinerary is best suited to travellers who have already experienced the Sundarbans’ headline sites — Karamjal, Kotka, and Kochikhali — on a previous trip and are specifically seeking a quieter, less trafficked stretch of forest for repeat visits, serious birdwatching, or photography away from other tour boats. It is less well suited to first-time visitors on a tight schedule, who are generally better served by the established circuit, where infrastructure, guide familiarity, and wildlife-sighting probability are all more predictable. Travelers Link BD can help make this distinction clearly during itinerary planning, matching the right site to the right traveller rather than defaulting every booking toward the same well-known stops.

Group size and vessel type. Given the narrower, more intimate scale of a canal like Terabeka relative to the Sundarbans’ main rivers, a smaller country boat or a mid-sized launch with a country-boat tender is generally more appropriate than a large live-aboard vessel, which may struggle with draught and manoeuvrability in tighter interior stretches, particularly at lower states of the tide. This also tends to produce a quieter, lower-disturbance wildlife-viewing experience, consistent with general best practice for narrow-channel excursions throughout the delta.

Photography considerations. The enclosed, canopy-lined character typical of secondary khals like Terabeka creates dappled, variable lighting conditions that differ meaningfully from the open-water light found on the Sundarbans’ broader rivers. Photographers should be prepared for a wider dynamic range between sunlit canopy and shadowed understory and should generally favour the golden hours around sunrise and sunset, both for lighting quality and for the higher wildlife activity levels typical of those periods.

Best Time to Visit

The Sundarbans’ seasonal visiting pattern applies to Sharankhola Range and Terabeka Khal exactly as it does elsewhere in the delta, governed primarily by temperature, rainfall, and tidal navigability rather than by anything unique to this specific canal.

Winter (November to February) — the recommended season. This period offers the most comfortable travel conditions, with daytime temperatures typically in a pleasant range and considerably lower humidity than the rest of the year. Winter is also peak migratory bird season, meaningfully boosting the birdwatching potential discussed above, and the dry-season drawdown of water in interior ponds — including the re-excavated pond at Terabeka — tends to concentrate wildlife activity around remaining water sources, which can improve animal sighting odds along nearby channels. This is the season during which the great majority of Sundarbans tourism, including any custom Sharankhola Range itinerary, is organised.

Early spring (March) — a viable but hotter window. Still broadly favourable, though temperatures begin climbing and humidity increases as the dry season progresses toward its peak.

Late dry season (April to early June) — not recommended. This period brings the Sundarbans’ highest temperatures and, critically for a site like Terabeka with a documented fire history, the peak risk window for forest fires, driven by dried leaf litter and reduced surface water. Comfort aside, this is also the period when forest access can be most affected by fire-prevention closures or heightened caution around interior channels.

Monsoon (June to September/October) — generally avoided. Heavy rainfall, rougher water conditions, and swollen tidal channels make boat travel through narrower interior canals like Terabeka considerably less comfortable and, at times, less safe. Most live-aboard tour operators significantly reduce or pause interior khal itineraries during peak monsoon months, and this general industry pattern should be assumed to apply to any Terabeka-specific arrangement as well.

A practical note on tides. Because Terabeka is a tidal channel rather than a permanently flooded waterway, any visit — regardless of season — needs to be timed around the tidal cycle. Interior canals of this size can become too shallow to navigate at low tide, particularly for larger boats, meaning any custom itinerary should be planned around local tide tables in coordination with your boatman or guide.

Safety Guidelines

Safety considerations for a Terabeka Khal excursion combine the standard precautions that apply throughout Sundarbans tourism with a few points specific to visiting a working forest patrol area rather than a developed tourist site.

Wildlife safety. The Sundarbans is one of the only places on Earth where tigers are documented to attack humans with some regularity, and the Terabeka area’s own incident record – a tiger actively hunting a deer that swam the canal – is a reminder that predator activity here is real, not theoretical. Never disembark from a boat onto the forest floor without an armed forest guard and experienced guide present; this rule, standard throughout the Sundarbans, is especially important in a working range like Sharankhola, where patrol staff, rather than tourism infrastructure, are the primary presence. Maintain distance from crocodiles seen basking on mudbanks, and never enter the water at any point along the excursion.

Security considerations. It would be incomplete and a disservice to travellers, not to mention that the Sundarbans has an ongoing, documented problem with armed piracy targeting fishing boats and, in some cases, tourist boats operating in more remote stretches of the forest. A 2026 Bangladesh Coast Guard operation report describes arrests connected to piracy gangs operating in Sundarbans canals in Bagerhat and Khulna districts, including a January 2026 incident in which a resort owner and two tourists were abducted for ransom while travelling by wooden boat and were later rescued in a joint Coast Guard operation. ⁸ This underscores a broader point relevant to any Sharankhola Range excursion, including a Terabeka-focused one: always travel with a licensed, reputable tour operator who arranges proper forest department and, where relevant, coast guard coordination, rather than an informal or unlicensed boat arrangement. Reputable operators typically travel with armed forest guards as standard practice, specifically because of both wildlife and security risks.

Fire-season awareness. Given Terabeka’s documented history within a Sharankhola Range fire cluster, visitors travelling during the dry season (roughly February through May) should be aware that fire-prevention protocols may affect access to interior areas and should follow guide and forest staff instructions regarding any restricted zones without exception.

General boat and water safety. As with any Sundarbans excursion, only board boats with proper IWTA (Inland Waterways Transport Authority) certification or the equivalent Bangladeshi licensing; ensure life jackets are available and worn when moving between vessels; and avoid boats without adequate safety equipment — a particular risk with small, informal fishing boats rather than licensed tourist vessels.

Sun, heat, and insects. Standard tropical travel precautions apply: sun protection, hydration, and insect repellent effective against mosquitoes, which are present throughout the delta’s waterways, particularly around dawn and dusk.

Permits. Entry into any part of the Sundarbans Reserved Forest, including the Sharankhola Range and any Terabeka-area excursion, requires Forest Department permission arranged in advance — this is not optional and is enforced at forest station checkpoints.

Local Communities and Livelihood

The Sharankhola Range borders Sharankhola Upazila, a mainland subdistrict in Bagerhat district whose communities have depended on the adjoining forest for generations through a set of traditional, permit-based livelihoods that the Bangladesh Forest Department regulates but has never fully replaced.

Fishing. The fishing communities of villages bordering the Sharankhola Range — Boghi (Bogi), among them, directly adjacent to Terabeka, based on the geographic proximity described in the 2025 crocodile rescue account² — rely on the network of tidal khals, including channels like Terabeka, for their livelihood, setting nets for fish, crab, and shrimp fry under Forest Department permits known locally as ‘boat licence certificates’ (BLCs). The same report that documents Terabeka’s crocodile rescue also illustrates a recurring pattern in these communities’ relationship with the forest: a fisherman’s net accidentally catching a young crocodile and a locally organised volunteer response — the Tiger Team’s Volunteer Tiger Response Team — coordinating with Forest Department rangers to release the animal safely, reflecting a level of community-based conservation engagement that has developed in fringe villages across the Sundarbans over the past two decades. ²

Mawali (honey collectors). Seasonal honey collection, licensed under a permit called a ‘mouali’ or ‘mowali’ pass, typically runs during the dry season (roughly April to June) when wild bee colonies are most productive. Mawalis working in sectors of the Sharankhola Range near Terabeka would follow the same licensing and safety protocols — including forest guard escort in higher-risk zones — that apply throughout the reserved forest, given the well-documented risk of tiger encounters this occupation carries.

Golpata and wood collection. Licensed collection of golpata (Nypa palm fronds) for roof thatching, along with permitted, closely regulated timber extraction, provides additional income for fringe communities, subject to Forest Department quotas designed to balance livelihood needs against conservation.

Forest Protection Committees and Eco-Development Committees. Consistent with the broader Sundarbans management model — which includes numerous community-based Forest Protection Committees and Eco-Development Committees across both the Bangladeshi and Indian sides of the delta — local villages bordering the Sharankhola Range participate in forest protection and conservation-awareness structures alongside their traditional resource-extraction livelihoods.⁹ The VTRT volunteer network documented responding to the Terabeka crocodile incident, which is a concrete, site-specific example of this kind of community involvement functioning in practice near this exact location.²

The security dimension of livelihood. It is worth connecting this section back to the safety guidelines above: The same waterways that sustain legitimate fishing livelihoods around the Sharankhola Range have also, at times, been the operating ground for piracy gangs targeting fishing boats for extortion and ransom, as documented in the 2026 Coast Guard report referenced earlier. ⁸ This is a genuine hardship for fringe communities dependent on the forest, not merely a tourist safety footnote, and reflects the complex security and livelihood realities that shape daily life along channels like Terabeka far more than tourism does.

Biodiversity and Conservation

The Sharankhola Range, and by extension the Terabeka Khal sector within it, sits inside one of the most biodiverse — and most actively managed — forest ecosystems in South Asia. Several concrete conservation initiatives directly touch this specific location.

Freshwater pond re-excavation programme. As detailed earlier, Terabeka was included among the sites selected for pond re-excavation under a Forest Department biodiversity protection initiative funded through Bangladesh’s Meteorological Trust Fund, part of a wider effort spanning the Sharankhola and Chapai ranges that included new pond construction in Dubla and Bagi and re-excavation of dozens of ponds across both ranges. ¹ The stated purpose of this program is directly tied to a documented climate threat: rising salinity in Sundarbans rivers and channels, driven by reduced freshwater flow and climate change, is damaging low-salt-tolerant tree species and reducing the availability of drinkable water for wildlife, prompting the Forest Department to invest in freshwater refuges even within a fundamentally saline tidal system. ¹

Species-level conservation context. The same reporting that documents the Terabeka pond project situates it within a broader concern: Bangladesh’s environment ministry and international observers, including the United Nations, have flagged roughly 30 wildlife species in Bangladesh as under threat, with the Sundarbans’ Royal Bengal Tiger population — estimated at around 106 individuals on the Bangladesh side as of the 2015 tiger census, out of roughly 180 tigers across the full transboundary delta — representing the highest-profile conservation priority. ¹⁰ The forest has already lost, according to the same account, a species of wild buffalo, two deer species, two rhinoceros species, and a freshwater crocodile species to a combination of natural disasters and human pressure over recent decades — a sobering historical baseline against which current conservation investment, including the Terabeka pond, should be understood. ¹

Community-based rapid response. The Volunteer Tiger Response Team network — visible in action in the 2025 Terabeka crocodile rescue — represents a specific, functioning conservation mechanism at this location: trained community volunteers working alongside forest department rangers to safely manage human–wildlife interactions rather than allowing them to escalate into either animal harm or human injury. ² This model has become an increasingly important part of the Sundarbans-wide conservation strategy, particularly for managing the frequent instances of wildlife straying into fringe villages.

Fire management infrastructure. Terabeka’s documented fire history connects directly to the freshwater pond programme: ponds positioned near patrol outposts serve a dual purpose as wildlife water sources and as accessible firefighting reservoirs during the dry season, when the Sundarbans’ recurring fire risk peaks. The Forest Department’s broader fire response strategy — cutting fire lines, waiting for tidal water to flood control trenches, and deploying rapid patrol response — reflects the operational reality that a tidal forest’s greatest fire defence is often, paradoxically, its own water cycle. ¹¹

Technology-assisted patrolling. Since 2015, Sundarbans Tiger Reserve management (a framework that extends conceptually, though administered separately, across both the Bangladeshi and Indian sides of the delta) has incorporated smart patrolling technology, including the “Hejje” mobile application for logging patrol activity, wildlife sightings, and offence detection, along with drone-based aerial surveillance for monitoring inaccessible areas and tracking strayed or rescued animals. ¹² A patrol outpost like Terabeka’s would be expected to operate within this same modernised monitoring framework as part of the range’s broader protection infrastructure, though we have not found a source confirming Terabeka-specific deployment details.

Climate change as a cross-cutting threat. The pond re-excavation programme that includes Terabeka is, at its core, a climate adaptation measure as much as a biodiversity one. Rising sea levels, reduced upstream freshwater flow (itself linked to upstream damming and diversion across the wider Ganges-Brahmaputra basin), and increasingly erratic rainfall patterns are together driving a long-term salinity increase across the Sundarbans, with measurable effects on Sundari tree health, freshwater-dependent wildlife, and even the palatability of forest vegetation for grazing species like spotted deer. A single re-excavated pond at Terabeka is a small, local response to what is fundamentally a basin-wide, transboundary environmental pressure — worth understanding as part of the bigger picture, even when looking at one small canal.

Human-wildlife conflict management. The Terabeka area’s own incident history — a deer swimming the canal while fleeing a tiger, ultimately killed by poachers rather than the tiger itself — is a reminder that human-wildlife conflict in the Sundarbans runs in both directions. Just as tigers occasionally stray into fringe villages and are safely tranquillised and relocated by Forest Department rescue teams, as documented in a January 2026 incident at the Baidymari Forest Patrol Outpost in the neighbouring Chandpai Range, deer and other prey species fleeing predators sometimes cross out of the forest into human settlements, where they can be vulnerable to opportunistic poaching rather than natural predation. ¹⁴ Both directions of this conflict are actively managed through the same combination of forest guard patrols, community volunteer networks, and rapid-response veterinary teams that operate throughout the delta, including in the Sharankhola Range sector around Terabeka.

How to Visit

Because Terabeka Khal is not a fixed stop on standard package-tour itineraries, reaching it requires a slightly different planning approach than a visit to a headline destination like Karamjal or Kotka. Here is a realistic step-by-step outline.

Step 1: Choose a Sharankhola Range-based or Sharankhola Range-familiar operator. Look specifically for a tour operator or guide with direct experience in the Sharankhola Range sector of the Sundarbans East Division, rather than a generic Mongla-departure package operator whose standard route may not extend into this range’s interior khals. Given Travelers Link BD’s Khulna base, this kind of localised itinerary planning is squarely within reach — worth a direct inquiry about custom Sharankhola Range routing rather than assuming it’s covered by a standard listed package.

Step 2: Arrange Forest Department permission in advance. All entry into the Sundarbans Reserved Forest requires an advance permit from the Bangladesh Forest Department, typically arranged through your tour operator, who will coordinate directly with the relevant forest station — in this case, Sharankhola Forest Station. Because Terabeka is an active patrol area rather than a designated visitor site, confirm with your operator that this specific routing has been cleared, rather than assuming a general Sundarbans permit automatically covers access to every interior khal.

Step 3: Plan around tides and seasons. As discussed above, aim for the November–February window for the most comfortable and wildlife-productive conditions, and confirm your itinerary’s timing accounts for the tidal cycle since Terabeka’s navigability will vary meaningfully between high and low tides.

Step 4: Decide on your base — Khulna or Mongla. Both cities serve as standard gateway points for Sundarbans East Division tours, with Khulna offering a slightly more direct route toward the Sharankhola Range sector relative to Mongla, which is more commonly used as the departure point for the Chandpai/Karamjal/Kotka route further west and south. Road travel from Khulna toward Bagerhat and on to the Sharankhola Upazila boat-launch points is the typical overland leg before transferring to water transport.

Step 5: Confirm your vessel and safety arrangements. Insist on a licensed, IWTA-certified (or Bangladeshi equivalent) vessel with proper life-saving equipment, and confirm that an armed forest guard will accompany the excursion, standard practice for any Sundarbans interior forest access and particularly relevant given both the wildlife and, as discussed, the documented security considerations in this region.

Step 6: Set realistic expectations with your guide. Discuss directly with your operator what a Terabeka-area visit will actually include — canal cruising, birdwatching, and potential wildlife sightings — versus what it will not include, namely built visitor infrastructure. This is a genuine wilderness-adjacent excursion into working forest territory, not a developed attraction, and the experience should be framed and priced accordingly.

Interesting Facts

• Terabeka is the site of a Forest Department freshwater pond re-excavated as part of a Tk 4.96 crore biodiversity protection initiative funded through Bangladesh’s Meteorological Trust Fund, alongside dozens of other ponds across the Sharankhola and Chapai ranges. ¹
• In October 2025, a Volunteer Tiger Response Team rescued a baby crocodile from a fisherman’s net in nearby Boghi village and released it into the river near the Terabeka Forest Patrol Outpost.²
• Terabeka was one of five sites — alongside Amurbunia, Khurabaria, Pachakoralia, and Dhansagar — struck by forest fires in a single cluster year, 2006, according to Forest Department fire chronology records. ⁴ ⁵
• The canal has a documented tiger-hunting incident: a spotted deer swam across the Terabeka canal, fleeing a tiger, before being killed by poachers after reaching the nearby village of Chalitabunia — a rare, specifically documented data point tying active predator-prey dynamics to this exact waterway.  ⁷
• Terabeka sits within a forest management framework that, since 2015, has incorporated smartphone-based e-patrolling and drone surveillance as part of a Sundarbans-wide anti-poaching and monitoring strategy. ¹²
• The wider Sundarbans, of which Terabeka is a small part, covers roughly 10,000 square kilometres across Bangladesh and India combined, with about two-thirds of that area lying within Bangladesh — making the entire ecosystem, and every khal within it, part of the largest single tract of mangrove forest on Earth. ¹³
• Terabeka’s transliteration appears inconsistently across available sources—a reminder of how difficult it can be to build a definitive documentary record for the delta’s hundreds of minor, informally-named waterways.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Is Terabeka Khal a designated tourist attraction?

No. It is a working forest department patrol area and tidal canal within the Sharankhola Range, without the developed visitor infrastructure – watchtowers, canopy walks, interpretation centres – found at established Sundarbans destinations like Karamjal or Kotka.

Can I book a standard package tour that includes Terabeka?

Not typically. Standard live-aboard and day-tour packages out of Mongla and Khulna generally follow well-established routes through other sectors of the forest. Visiting Terabeka specifically would require a custom itinerary arranged with an operator familiar with the Sharankhola Range’s interior khals.

Is Terabeka safe to visit?

With a properly licensed operator, an armed forest guard, and standard Sundarbans safety precautions, yes — the same as any other part of the forest. The area does have a documented tiger presence and lies within a region where Coast Guard authorities have addressed piracy activity in recent years, both of which reinforce the importance of travelling with a reputable, security-conscious operator rather than an informal arrangement.

What wildlife might I see at Terabeka?

Realistically: birds (kingfishers, raptors, egrets, and — in winter — migratory species), a possible spotted deer or wild boar sighting, and a chance of crocodile activity, since the area has a documented crocodile presence. A direct tiger sighting is possible in principle, given the confirmed tiger activity in the area, but remains statistically unlikely on any single visit, consistent with Sundarbans-wide sighting rates.

When is the best time to visit?

November through February, for comfortable weather, peak migratory bird season, and generally the most favourable tidal and access conditions. The April–June dry season carries elevated fire risk, and the June–October monsoon period generally makes interior KHAL travel less comfortable and less commonly offered by operators.

Do I need a special permit for Terabeka specifically?

You need a standard Sundarbans Forest Department entry permission at a minimum, arranged through your tour operator. Because Terabeka is an active patrol zone rather than an open visitor site, confirm with your operator that this specific route has been cleared with Sharankhola Forest Station in advance.

Why is there so little published information about Terabeka Khal?

Because it functions primarily as working forest infrastructure — a patrol post, a pond, a fire-incident location — rather than as a marketed tourist site. Its documentary footprint exists mainly in Forest Department project records, fire reports, and news coverage of specific wildlife incidents, rather than in tourism literature.

https://thesundarbantour.com/product/wave-2/

Travel Tips

• Work with a Sharankhola-savvy operator. Given the lack of standard package coverage, prioritise an operator who can speak specifically to the Sharankhola Range routing rather than general Sundarbans experience alone.
• Time your visit around the tide, not just the calendar. Ask your guide for the tidal window for your specific travel dates, since the navigability of a channel this size fluctuates significantly between high and low tide.
• Pack for a genuinely rustic excursion. Since this is not a developed tourist stop, bring binoculars, sun protection, insect repellent, and drinking water as you would for any remote interior forest excursion — do not expect facilities of any kind along the way.
• Bring a long lens or good binoculars for birding. Given the strong likelihood that birdlife will be the most consistently rewarding wildlife category on a Terabeka-area excursion, prioritise optics accordingly over hoping for a tiger photograph.
• Confirm your boat’s licensing and safety equipment before departure. Life jackets, a licensed vessel, and an armed forest guard are non-negotiable, not optional upgrades.
• Don’t overpromise the experience to yourself. Approach a Terabeka visit as an opportunity to see a genuinely working, undeveloped stretch of the Sundarbans rather than expecting a curated wildlife-viewing experience comparable to a watchtower stop at a major site.
• Combine it with a broader Sharankhola Range itinerary. Since a dedicated Terabeka-only excursion may be logistically inefficient, ask your operator about combining it with other Sharankhola Range points of interest — including nearby canals such as Bogi Khal and Taker Khal, both previously covered in this series — into a single, richer custom itinerary.
• Respect the working nature of the site. Remember that Terabeka Forest Patrol Outpost is an active operational post for rangers, not a tourist facility; visitors should follow guide and forest staff instructions closely and avoid treating the outpost itself as a photo stop without explicit permission.

Conclusion

Terabeka Khal will never be the headline of a Sundarbans tour brochure, and this piece has tried not to pretend otherwise. What it is, instead, is a genuine, functioning piece of the forest’s protective and ecological machinery: a patrol outpost that responds to wildlife incidents in real time, a freshwater pond re-excavated to keep both animals and firefighters supplied with water in the dry season, a canal that a fleeing deer once swam to escape a hunting tiger, and a name that has appeared consistently in Forest Department records for at least two decades without ever needing to appear in a tourism catalogue.

That, in a way, is the more honest picture of what the Sundarbans actually is: not a series of discrete attractions strung along a tour route, but a continuous, still-forming delta forest in which most of the water, most of the mangrove, and most of the wildlife activity happens in places that will never have a watchtower or a signpost. For the traveller willing to work with a knowledgeable local operator, plan around the tides, and set expectations accordingly, a Sharankhola Range itinerary that includes Terabeka Khal offers something increasingly rare in global ecotourism: an unmediated encounter with a working wild landscape on its own terms rather than a curated one.

As with the other minor-channel profiles in this series — Bogi Khal and Taker Khal among them — this piece has aimed to document Terabeka Khal honestly: reporting what is verifiably known, being explicit about what remains undocumented, and resisting the temptation to manufacture colour where the record is genuinely thin. If your interest in the Sundarbans extends beyond the famous set pieces into the quieter, working corners of the delta, Terabeka Khal is one of many such places worth asking about directly — and Travelers Link BD is well positioned to help build that itinerary around the Sharankhola Range’s less-travelled waterways.

References

1. “Protects biodiversity in the Sundarbans”, Ecency. https://ecency.com/sundorban/@wam85/protects-biodiversity-in-the-sundarbans
2. “Baby crocodile caught in fishing net released into Sundarbans”, Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha (BSS), October 9, 2025. https://www.bssnews.net/others/319600
3. “Tiger Reserves: Sundarban”, Wild Bengal. https://www.wildbengal.com/sundarban.php
4. “Fires In The Sundarbans: Who To Blame?”, The New Nation. https://thedailynewnation.com/news/286949/Fires-In-The-Sundarbans-Who-To-Blame
5. “Sundarbans Burnt 25 times in 22 years”, Provaterdak BD News. https://provaterdakbd.com/sundarbans-burned-25-times-in-22-years/
6. “List of rivers of Sundarbans”, Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Sundarbans
7. “Why do Sundarbans deer enter localities?” The Daily Star, June 6, 2010. https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-141734
8. “Coast Guard arrests 61 pirates, seizes 80 firearms in Sundarbans operations,” BSS. https://www.bssnews.net/district/375995
9. “Sundarbans National Park”, Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sundarbans_National_Park
10. “Sundarbans”, Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sundarbans
11. “Sundarbans: Gulishakhali burns, waiting for tide,” Jagonews24. https://www.jagonews24.com/en/national/news/81429
12. “Sundarban Tiger Reserve”, official site. https://sundarbantigerreserve.org/?tab=Fp
13. “Sundarbans National Park”, UNESCO World Heritage Centre. https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/452/
14. “Forest Dept rescues trapped Bengal tiger in Sundarbans”, The Climate Watch. https://theclimatewatch.com/forest-dept-rescues-trapped-bengal-tiger-in-sundarbans/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/798/